- identify your color character as assigned in class
- list the best four sources that give you insight into your color characters voice/lack of voice during the Holocaust (author, title, date of publication, date you viewed it, url if needed)
- summarize each source
- explain what you learned about your color character from each source
- How much blame should your color character take (a lot, some, a little, none)? Why?
Thursday, April 16, 2009
Four Sources and Summaries from Voices of the Holocaust
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Jason Grullon
ReplyDelete1)Hitler was a Nazi leader who blamed the Jews for everything and committed genocide massacring over 6 million of them. He controlled the minds of all SS officers brainwashing everyone to do his bidding. The Jews were sent to Concentration camps after the cities were purged of their existence. The Concentration camps tortured the Jews forcing them to starved, die in gas chambers and dig their own graves. Hitler was well respected and those who oppose his ideas were killed. The Nazi leader engraved the idea of fear among the Jews.
2) 1. Go, Pauline "Interesting Facts About Adolf Hitler." Interesting Facts about Adolf Hitler. 26 Jan. 2009. EzineArticles.com. 20 Apr 2009 http://ezinearticles.com/?Interesting-Facts-About-Adolf-Hitler&id=19219422
BBC News. "BBC - History - Adolf Hitler (1889 - 1945)." BBC - Homepage. 20 Apr. 2009 http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/hitler_adolf.shtml
3. “Adolf Hitler and the Holocaust." The Holocaust, Crimes, Heroes and Villains. 20 Apr. 2009 http://www.auschwitz.dk/Hitler.htm
4. Rosenberg, Jennifer. "Hitler - A Biography of Adolf Hitler." 20th Century History. 20 Apr. 2009 http://history1900s.about.com
3)1.The article indicates important details about Adolf Hitler to better understand his mind.
2. This article discusses how Hitler is at fault for his actions killing 6 million Jews.
3. Hitler childhood and events leading up to the Holocaust
4. Events in each part of Adolf Hitler life stated in chronically order.
4)1. He was the ruler of Germany for 13 years from 1933 to 1945.
2. Hitler's invasion of Poland in September 1939 began World War Two.
3. Hitler avoided giving a clear written order to exterminate Jewish civilians.
4. On October 13, 1918, a gas attack caused him to go temporarily blind. Hitler later finds out Germany lost the war. His anger later fueled him shaping a destructive identity we see today.
5) My character Hitler deserves some of the blame because he didn’t carry out the destruction. The people of Germany followed his ideas. Hitler didn’t threaten the members of society to obey him. The followers of Hitler fueled Hitler reign of power.
1) I got the color blue which are the minor Nazi soldiers who carried out the mass extermination orders without questioning their superiors.
ReplyDeletea) Elfner, Heinz. www.bbc.com. June 29, 2007. April 22, 2009. http://www.bbc.co.uk/shropshire/content/articles/2007/06/14/hadley_heinz_feature.shtml
b) www.Henrykolm.com. July 23, 2006. April 22, 2009. http://www.henrykolm.com/Holocaust.htm
c) Jewkey. February23, 2009. April 22, 2009. http://jewkey.com/new-york-cbs-60-minutes- report-how-a-young-jewish-boy-escaped-death-and-became-a-mascot-for-nazi-soldiers- 3/headline/
1a) Source A is about a young soldier who talks about his experiences as a minor Nazi soldier. This source also talks about how hard it was to become a minor Nazi soldier.
The narrator Heinz talks about his real life experiences and complications.
1b) Source B writes about how Nazi’s wives have opportunities such as being given villas. A villa is somewhat like a cottage. These Villas, however many things were taken away from the Jews and given to other people.
1c) Source C writes about a six year old survival and his occupation of being a mascot by the Nazi’s. This is very cruel and cold, but tells the true life of a six year old surviving death.
2) Throughout my reading of the articles, I found my color very cruel and naïve. They were cruel because they turned six year old Jew into their mascot! They were naïve because they didn’t know why or how they did what they were ordered, but because one German hated Jews they decided to hate them as well. However I also learned that it takes a lot of hard labor and courage in order to become a minor soldier.
3) I personally think that my color is to blame 75% because they turned the lives of the Jews into hell. However since they are naïve they were easily brainwashed by Hitler’s hatred towards the Jews. Minor Nazi soldiers mistreated the Jews and developed hatred towards them as well. Therefore it adds reinforce onto Hitler’s hatred, causing more hatred which ended up in chaos.
Monte Gonzalez
ReplyDelete1. The color that was assigned to me in class was red, the residents of Auschwitz and other towns near concentration camps who knew about the camps but did nothing to stop them.
2.
One set of people who did nothing to stop the concentration camps were the German officers. Some prisoners were given the privilege to become officers if they had some German blood in them. Instead of rebelling they decided to become officers and were able to now kill Jews if they wanted and were also able to order the Jews around. If they Jews did not follow orders, they could be whipped, put in solitary confinement, have their food taken away, etc. This source taught about the officers because I didn’t know that some of them were previously prisoners in the concentration camps. I thought that if a person had both Jewish and German blood in them then they would be considered German and would not be forced to go to the concentration camps. This source is: Rozett, Robert. Encyclopedia of Holocaust. 20 April, 2009. http://www.answers.com/topic/concentration-camps.
Another set of people who did nothing were some German people who lived around concentration camps. The ways the Jews were being treated were fully publicized. Some of these ways were the boycotts of their items and Jewish business, the laws that took away some of their rights, and then the movement of the Jews into the concentration camps. The German people were participating in all of these events along with the Nazis. They helped the rights of Jews be taken away and also mocked and laughed at them when they were being moved in the cattle cars. This source taught me how Hitler was actually able to brainwash people into treating the Jews like this because they weren’t the race he wanted Germany to be. It teaches that the people of Germany were nationalists because they wanted only their race to be superior. This source is: Wiesenthal, Simon. Jewish Virtual Library. 20 April, 2009. http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/36quest1.html.
Another group that decided not to take action was the Church. The Church tought that the ideas of “race” were against Christian teachings. This means that they should have been against the Nazis and their actions of putting the Jews into concentration camps. However, never even mentioned or criticized the anti-Semitism that was going on. Pope Pius XI had only expressed his feelings of sympathy for the Jews but still did not do anything to at least try and stop the Nazis. They never tried to protest the persecution of the Jews. The Church had power because many people had faith in their religion, but they still did nothing showing that they too were guilty. This source is: Multimedia Learning Center. 1997. 23 April, 2009. http://motlc.wiesenthal.com/site/pp.asp?c=gvKVLcMVIuG&b=394663#34.
The last group of people that are responsible for doing nothing is Americans who also knew about the concentration camps. Americans were believed to be ignorant because although the actions of the Nazis were known by Americans, the Americans believed that the actions weren’t as bad as they really were. The Germans were even able to convince the Americans that Stalin from Russia was a worse leader than Hitler. It is also known that Americans knew that there were many murders going on in Europe. The Americans could have sent troops earlier to try and liberate the Jews, but they didn’t do that until later. This shows that they too can be blamed. This source is: Wexler, Karen. The US and the Holocaust Project Group. December, 2003. 23 April, 2009. http://www.history.ucsb.edu/faculty/marcuse/classes/33d/projects/usholo/KerenUSIgnorance.htm
1. My characters were the Nazi soldiers who would carry out the mass extermination orders. They would do this without asking their superiors. They would kill many Jews and would send the extermination orders to the concentration camps. They supported Hitler and killed many Jews by genocide. Not only would they kill Jews but any other person from any race who opposed them. They would make people fear them and would persuade others to agree with them that the German race was superior.
ReplyDelete2. Sources:
1. “The Rise of the Nazi Party.” 2005. 23 Apr.2009.http://fcit.usf.edu/HOLOCAUST/TIMELINE/nazirise.HTM
2. Rummel, R.J. 2002. 23 Apr. 2009. http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/NAZIS.CHAP1.HTM
3. “Nazi Rule” 23 Apr. 2009. http://www.ushmm.org/outreach/nrule.htm
4. “The Nazi Holocaust” 23 Apr. 2009. http://www.historyplace.com/worldhistory/genocide/holocaust.htm
3. Source #1: This source indicates how the Nazis supported Hitler and agreed with his that the Jews were a race that needed to be wiped out. They would murder anyone who opposed Hitler and Nazi propaganda would be used to persuade others to follow Hitler. Children would be brainwashed and were taught anti-Semitism which was the hatred of Jews. This source also discusses how the Nazis would take send many Jews to concentration camps and agreed they should suffer. The Nazis had their own medieval methods that were used to make the Jews suffer. They would make them work hard all day and get little amounts of food. They would also secretly kill the Jews that were in the camps as well. They led to an increase in the number of human casualties.
Source #2: This source shows the number of deaths that were caused by the Nazi soldiers. Many of them would murder other races as well. They supported Hitler and agreed with him that the Jews shouldn’t be killed but should suffer from pain and become tortured. The Nazis would abuse the Jews human rights by not giving them the freedom they should be having. The Jews had no possessions and were separated from their family. This source basically shows the amount of people murdered by genocide and the methods the Nazis would use.
Source #3: The Nazis actions and what they wanted was described in this source. The Nazis who wanted to take away everyone’s freedom and wanted to create a fascist nation. No individualistic ideas were allowed. The Nazis controlled education, laws, the economy and peoples lifestyle. People were also forced to join the Nazis and become part of this group. The actions of the Nazis caused the Holocaust to happen.
Source #4: This source explains how the Nazis wanted to exterminate the Jews and how they felt superior. Many of them would murder people who looked or seemed to oppose them. This source basically states the same ideas in the other sources.
4. From reading all of the sources, I learned that the Nazis brought fear and terror to lots of people and that they also felt superior just like Hitler. Source #1 made me realize how they started the Holocaust and how their actions persuaded people to do what they wanted. I also learned that people were forced especially employees, to join the Nazi soldiers from source #3. When I looked at source #2, I learned that the Nazis murdered 5,291,000 people. Source #4 showed me how the Nazis main goal was to exterminate all of the Jews.
5. The Nazis should take a lot of blame. They mostly started the Holocaust because without them, Hitler wouldn’t be able to exterminate many Jews. Hitler was just one person standing alone. If the Nazis believed the human rights abuse was wrong, then Hitler couldn’t start torturing the Jews by himself. I would give them 95% of the blame for the Holocaust.
1). The color that I was assigned for who is to blame for the holocaust was brown, which were the Non-Jewish Europeans who turned on their Jewish friends and neighbors and handed them in to the Nazi’s.
ReplyDelete2). 4 Sources:
A). Forgotten holocaust Victims. N.D. 19 Apr.2009
http://holocaustforgotten.com/non-jewishvictims.htm
B). Holocaust Encyclopedia. 11 Mar. 2009. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. 20 Apr. 2009.
http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005466
C). Ippisch, Hanneke. Sky. Canada: Troll Communications L.L.C, 2003
D). Spiegelman, Art. Maus. New York: Pantheon Books, 1986.
3). Summary:
A). This internet article talks about the different people who were affected by the Holocaust as well as Jews. People died for their beliefs because they did not believe in the Nazi ideals and thoughts. Those who helped the Jews or went against Hitler’s ideals were sent to a concentration camp or executed.
B). This article talked about the people in Germany who were not Jewish and handed in all the Jews to the Nazi’s. They were responsible for the execution and bad treatment of the Jews.
C). This story of a Dutch Girl who joins an underground resistance movement who helps the Jews escape from the Nazi’s and leave the country. She finds out about hardships and what it was like to live in secrecy and danger. She is caught by an SS guard and is sent to a concentration camp for helping out the Jews.
D). Maus is the story of a man named Vladek Spiegelman who survived the Holocaust and was sent to Auschwitz where he lived through terrible and hard times. He encounters other Jews and he talks about his experiences in the camp. Many of the citizens had been handing in any Jews they found so Vladek had to hide when he was outside of the camps.
4).
A). I learned that many Non-Jewish Europeans risked their lives in order to help the Jews escape the Nazi regime. They risked their lives and when they were caught, they were sent to concentration camps or they were executed for helping the Jews out. The Nazis made examples out of these people in order to discourage others from helping out the Jews. People were discouraged to help a Jew and soon they began to turn them in.
B). The citizens in Germany who were not Jewish began to help the Nazis by handing over the Jews. Most people turned in Jewish friends or neighbors out of the fear that they might be killed for helping them out. Many of the Jews were sent to camps because of people who helped the Nazis arrest them.
C). The Character in Sky finds out that people who help the Jews escape risk their lives if caught by the Nazis. Two heavily armed soldiers catch her and she is sent to a concentration camp. At this time, people really did not help Jews because there was the risk of being caught and sent to camps. People betrayed their friends because of the Fear that Hitler had spread through out Nazi controlled countries.
D). When Vladek asked for help people turned him away angrily because they do not want to be caught hiding a Jew. Instead, the people threaten to hand him over to the SS if he does not leave them alone. Other people who see him and his wife call out that they are Jews and they run away.
5). Non- Jewish Europeans who turned over their Jewish friends to the Nazis should be blamed a lot for their actions. The Holocaust was a horrible event that took place during World War 2 and no one did anything to stop it. Instead, people helped with the massive execution by turning in Jewish people to the Nazis. People turned them in out of fear, but this reason caused people to turn in Jews for many years. This led to the murder of millions of Jews. These people are guilty for their actions because no one stood up to stop the atrocities that were being committed against the Jews. People helped by handing them over to the Nazis even if it was out of fear.
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ReplyDeleteLumi Chan
ReplyDelete1) The color assigned to me was Orange, the Jews that did not try to escape.
2a) Wiesenthal, Simon. Belzec. Jewish Virtual Library. N.D. 13 April, 2009. http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/Belzec.html
b) Sufit, Richard. A testimony. N.D. 13 April, 2009. http://www.jewishgen.org/ForgottenCamps/Witnesses/RichardEng.html
c) Rozett, Robert and Shmuel, Spector. Soviet Union. 2000. 15 April, 2009.
http://www1.yadvashem.org/education/entries/english/57.asp
d) International Day of Commemoration in memory of the victims of the Holocaust. 27 January, 2009. 16 April 2009. http://www.un.org/holocaustremembrance/2009/statements09_shalev.shtml
3a) There were many people that tired to escape from the concentration camp and their death, yet not many people succeeded. Those that are in the concentration camps are always being watched by the SS officers, if anything ever went wrong all the officers would do is shoot the people. Afraid of dying and leaving their family members, the Jews did not escape from the concentration camp. I learned that the SS officers didn’t really care who they were shooting at as long as they have something to aim for.
b) Richard Sufit was a man that survived the Holocaust; he made a decision early in the concentration camp that he would not escape from the camp. He was afraid he would have the same faith as others because he thought that "if I had escape, I would be dead today," (Richard Sufit). Instead of escaping like many other of the prisoners in the camp with Richard thought of doing, he followed the instructions of the SS officers and later on was saved by the Americans. Richard Sufit did not try to escape from the concentration camp and instead saw it as a way he could live for awhile. I learned that in order to survive there will be hard choices to make, like Richard did, if he decided to leave then he might have gotten killed.
c) Jews were not allowed to escape, although many people tried to escape, but all they obtained was death. Instead they were limited to escaping because they were always watched or threatened. Those that escaped needed to stay hidden or they would be killed by the SS officers. Jews did not try to escape because they were limited to choices and one risk of escaping is being shot to death. I learned that death can bring fear to everyone, making them lose control over themselves.
d) Many of the elders did not escape from the concentration camp because they know they won't be able to survive and they will only be a baggage for the young. In this text, a grandpa risked his all for his son to leave the concentration camp and stayed in the camp with his wife, who decided to stay with him. Jews that were old or those that know death will approach them if they live any longer did not try to escape from the concentration camp. I learned that those of the elder age aren’t afraid of death, they just want the future of their kids to be better then his.
4) I think the Jews deserve a little blame in the Holocaust because they weren't the ones that started the whole conflict in the first place, instead it should be Hitler because he was the one in charge at that time. If Hitler had not wanted to eliminate the Jews, many of them would have lived. If it wasn't because of Hitler's want of power then many more people would have lived and children during that time would not have to live in fear everyday. The Jews that did not escape from the concentration camp deserve little blame because they were limited to escaping, if they tried to escape but found they would be shot. If the stayed in the camp too long they might be killed also. The Jews never tried to rebel as a group against the SS officers that the officers pick on them. If all the Jews gathered up, they are bound to outnumber the SS officers and have their freedom, but not everyone tried to escape therefore they deserve a little blame.
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ReplyDeleteSpyro Fletouris
ReplyDelete1) Pink was the color that was given to me. Pink represents the churches of all denominations who remained silent and refused to intervene when confronted with evidence of the Holocaust.
2) Sources:
A- Humphrys,Mark.www.markhumphrys.com N.D. 23 April 2009.http://markhumphrys.com/christianity.ww2.html B- www.holocaust.com. n.d.23 April 2009. http://www.holocaust.com.au/mm/i_church.htm
C-www.liberalslikechrist.org/catholic/RC_scandal-2.html
D- Barnett J. victoria. "The role of the churches: compliance and confrontation." ADL. 23 April 2009. http://www.adl.org/Braun/dim_14_1_role_church.asp
3a) The Jews were chosen to be the ones to suffer in the Holocaust by the Christian church after years of presecution. Pope Pius XII was in charge during the Holocaust. Hitler followed Pope Pius XII and he is the one who told Hitler to enslave the Jews. Hitler wanted to stop the Pope, but he feared the response from all the Catholic Germans. The Catholic could have stopped Hitler if they wanted to, but they remained silent because they wanted the Jewish race wipped out.
3b) The churches didn't help the Jews because of centuries of antisemitism that led the Churches to believe that Judaism should be eliminated altogethere. The German churches both Protestant and Catholic also feared the concerne to survive Hitler's anti-Christian rule. In many European countries churches set up public protests to stop the deportation of Jews.
3c) The Catholic churches had a very powerful pressence not only in Germany, but everywhere around the world. Hitler made a deal with the Pope Pius XII to disband the old political party and get the church to follow the Nazi party. Many of the Germans in the political party were like Hitler Roman Chatholics.
3d) The churches in Nazi Germany remained silent as Hitler persecuted the Jewish race. Christian followers went to a Protestant church and demanded that this church take a stand for the Jews. There was conflict between the Catholic churches outside and inside Hitler's control. Many churches felt guilty for leaving the Jews to die.
4) Source one taught me that it was not Hitler who wanted to destroy the Jews, but the Catholic Church. The church wanted to finish the persecution of the Jews once and for all. Hitler was given the idea by his Pope to kill the Jews in order to have complete control over the political party in Germany.
Source two stated that the churches remained silent because they feared Hitler. The Catholic and Protestant churches had the power to stop Hitler, but they didn't because they did not care for a single Jew. The churches also influenced people that they were right in their actions and the Nazi party were the ones who would exterminate the Jews.
Source three showed how all the Catholic churches had power through out the world. The churches made an deal with Hitler because it would benefit them. They did not care for protestors and had them silenced by high powers. The church had all the power over the government like they had during medival times.
Source four taught me that certain Christians wanted to help the Jews. The churches did not have all Germans following them. The Roman Catholic Churches were the true masterminds behind the Holocaust.
5) I think the churches should get a lot of the blame for the Holocaust. The Catholic churches are the ones who gave Hitler the idea to kill the jews for there own personal gain. The church had the power to stop it, but they were blinded by power. During hitler's reign the Catholic church's voice was god. They wanted to finish off the Jewish race permanitly. According to the church there religion was superior to the Jews.
1.Hitler, the leader of German nation who hated Jews and wanted to destroyed.
ReplyDelete2a .“Adolf Hitler and the Holocaust. “The Holocaust, Crimes, Heroes and Villains.” 23 Apr. 2009 http://www.auschwitz.dk/Hitler.htm.
B."Holocaust. " Encyclopedia Britannica. 2009. Encyclopedia Britannica Online School Edition. 23 Apr. 2009 http://school.eb.com/eb/article-215485.
C. Rosenberg, Jennifer."Adolf Hitler"23 Apr 2009. http://history1900s.about.com/cs/hitleradolf/p/hitler.htm
D."Adolf Hitler “Jewish Virtual Library.” 23 Apr 2009.
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/hitler.html
3. The first source is about Adolf Hitler's early days as a young kid. When he seized power in January 30, 1933 he murdered millions of Jews causing chaos and mass destruction. Hitler showed intolerance and hatred of the Jews and blamed them for everything that happened. When he came into power, a world wide depression hit Germany and Hitler promise to rid Germany of Jews. Hitler was in immediate control of Germany after Von Hindenburg the president of Germany, died in 1934.Hitler threatened to use the Jews as hostages to prevent the Western powers from intervening on the continent. He committed genocide for the mass executions of the Jews and who where involved with the Holocaust. I learned Hitler got control of Germany after the president died.
B. The second source also about Hitler’s childhood. He dreams were to become a painter at the age of sixteen. Hitler was arrested and tried on 26 February 1924 due to him shouting out that he was heading a new provisional government which would carry through a revolution against "Red Berlin."He succeeded in turning the tables on his accusers with a confident, propagandist speech which ended with the predicting the future. Hitler moved with great speed to out man with his rivals abolishing the free trade unions, eliminating the communists, Social Democrats and Jews from any role in political life and sweeping opponents into concentration camps. Hitler gained a majority at the last "democratic" elections held in Germany on 5 March 1933 and the skill he used to hold onto his power is propaganda. When he came into power he invaded other countries to get more power. When he got enough power he sends Jews to concentration camps and tortured them until death. I learned that Hitler was send to jail when he was successful leading people to a revolution.
C. Hitler developed the idea of the Jews as an evil race struggling for world domination before the Holocaust. On January 30, 1933, Hitler came to power and his first attempt was to wipe out all the Jews. As the discrimination against Jews increased the Jews responded with alarm to Hitler's rise, the Jewish community sought to defend their rights as Germans. By 1930s there was a desperate search for countries of refuge. Those who could not get a visa immigrate to the United States. I learned that the Jews were afraid of Hitler because he had hatred of them and wanted to move away from him.
D. Hitler serves in the Bavarian-German army during World War I. A gas attack on October 23, 1918 caused him to be temporary blind. While recovering in a hospital, Hitler heard the news of the end of the war and of Germany's defeat. Hitler began being interested in politics when felt betrayed and anger when Germany won. He looked for an organization to work with and he was a leader after joining. He was send to jail because he failed to attempt a coup of the government. With the failure of losing to Paul Von Hindenburg he was able to seized power when he died to rule Germany. When World War two started Hitler slowly removed Jews from German society. I learned that Nazi’s were the ones who made Jews work as slaves.
5. Hitler should take most of the blame for the Holocaust. He was the one who hated the Jews and wanted to be wiped out of Germany. With the help of the Nazi’s he was able to succeed in removing the Jews. He is responsible for starting World War two because he started it when he had official power. He was also responsible for killing more than eleven thousand people during the holocaust because he ordered the soldiers to fire at them. Hitler is evil because he killed the innocent Jews who absolutely did nothing to him. If Hitler didn’t continue to gain and fight for more power the holocaust wouldn’t happen. Hitler is responsible for the holocaust because he order the soldiers to kill a lot of innocence people.
1. The color that I was assign to was white, the Allie leaders who had evidences about the Holocaust but refused to get involve in it or knew Hitler’s plan of extermination.
ReplyDelete2.
A. “Allies Knew of Danger to Italian Jews.” CBS News. 26. June 2000. 14. April 2009
http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2000/06/26/world/main209611.shtml
B. Churchill Facts. Winston Churchill . The Churchill Centre. 14. April 2009
http://www.winstonchurchill.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=109/
C. Gleason K.C. ihr 1989. Institute for Historical Review 14. April 2009
http://www.ihr.org/jhr/v05/v05p215_Gleason.html
D. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. 11 March 2009. Holocaust Encyclopedia 14 April 2009
http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005182
3.
A .The article is about how the Allies intercepted coded messages that were of the Nazis. They knew that Italian Jews were going to be rounded up and sent to Aushwitz’s death camp and they did not warn the Jews. This led to more questions on how much information that government had on the Holocaust and if they could have done anything with that information.
B. This article is about how Churchill and all the Allie leaders knew about the Holocaust. There is an accusation that he knew but couldn’t do anything except win the war. There is now new evidence that states that shows they did not know the onset of the Holocaust. It states that Churchill is strong supporter of human right and that he supports the Jews.
C. This article is about how the Allie leaders knew about the Holocaust but did nothing. They were presented evidence by people they interrogated and memos that described the amount of people who died and how they died.
D. The U.S government knew of the mass murders against the Jews. They also knew of the Nazi’s plan of murdering the European Jews, but refrain from announcing it. Many Jewish leaders plead to the U.S government to do something, like bomb the railroads leading to a camps but the U.S refuse to.
4.
A. Something I learned was that the Allies knew a direct threat against the Jews and they could have warned the Jews of what was going to happen but they didn’t. There was fear that the Nazi knew that the Allies were listening.
B. Something that I learned was that the Churchill knew. I already knew that the U.S president at that time knew, I didn’t know it was aware.
C. Something that I learned was that Allie Leaders knew the way the Jews were being killed. They knew that women and children were being sent to Gas chamber.
D. Something that I learned was the U.S State Department delayed the reports that said that there was a genocide against the Jews.
5. My color should take fifteen percent of the blame of the Holocaust because they knew information that could had prevented lives being lost. The Allies had information about what was going on in the camps and information on who might be the Nazis next target but they did nothing other than to fight the war and to win it.
1. The color I had was pink.
ReplyDelete2.
Barnett, Victoria. “The Role of the Churches: Compliance and Confrontation” Anti-Defamation League n.d. 21 Apr. 2009 (blogspot would not let me post the link)
Margaritis, George. “The Greek Orthodox Church and the Holocaust.” n.d. 21 Apr. 2009.
(blogspot would not let me post the link)
Johnston, Bruce. “Inquiry Questions Vatican silence over Holocaust.” Telegraph.co.uk 19 Jun. 2001. 21 Apr. 2009. (blogspot would not let me post the link)
Schoenberg, Shira. “Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust”. Jewish Virtual Library n.d. The American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise. 21 Apr. 2009. (blogspot would not let me post the link)
3. In “Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust” the writer, Shira Schoenberg writes about who Pope Pius was and what he did not do during the Holocaust when multiple people such as Harold Tittman an assistant chief of the U.S. delegation to the Vatican came forward to him with evidence and asked for help. In the article, Schoenberg also writes about the reason Pope Pius did not want to help the Jews or stop the Nazis. One of the Pope’s reasons for not intervening was because the Germans made a law that if anyone hurt a person who killed a Jew, they would be prosecuted. Pope Pius also did not want to help because he wanted to remain neutral so as to not cause any problems for the Catholics in Germany.
In “The Role of The Churches: Compliance and Confrontation”, Victoria Barnett discusses how the Catholic Church and German Churches remained complacent during the Holocaust. Barnett also identifies the reasons the Churches were complacent. She says that the Catholic Church did not want to bother Hitler because they felt they could not take him down and they did not want to ruin any relationships with Germany. In German Churches the people were taught to be anti-semites and even some priests that did not believe in it were warned not to show any public affection towards the Jews. Barnett also states that the Germans wanted to change the Old Testament so that Jesus would seem to approve of the ideas of New Germany.
In “Inquiry Questions Vatican silence over Holocaust” by Bruce Johnston is about how three Jews and three Catholics asked to go into the secret archives of the Vatican. The Vatican told them that the archives would not answer any questions but there is still speculation that Pope Pius believed in anti-semitism. The article states that the French Vichy government was anti-semitic and the Vatican replied with “that they had not objections, provided the measures were ‘administered with justice and charity’”. The article also states how the Vatican also did not interfere when the Nazis in 1938 burnt synagogues, murdered Jews, and broke Jewish shop windows.
In “The Greek Orthodox Church and the Holocaust” by George Margaritis is about Greek culture and the Church. Margaritis gives reasons why the Greek Church was silent during the Holocaust. According to Margaritis, the Greek Church had learned before during the Ottoman Empire to feel strongly against Jews. Even after the fall of the Ottoman Empire the Greeks retained that tradition and therefore were anti-semites. To the Greeks the Jews were thought to be “...of the Devil and were accused of being devoted to a merciless fight against God, the Church and Christianity.” Jews were also slaughtered and were not tolerated. In this essay, Margaritis explains why the Greek Church did not interfere in the Holocaust.
4. From the first source “The Role of The Churches: Compliance and Confrontation,” I learned that the German churches obviously did not interfere with the Holocaust because they were Germans. They believed in Hitler and followed whatever he said. I also thought it was interesting how the Germans even wanted to change the Old Testament so that it would seem that Jesus believed in the New Germany. I thought that it was crazy of the Germans to want to change the Bible so that they could even furthermore manipulate the people into believing that they were superior and that their ways were correct.
From the second source, “Inquiry Questions Vatican silence over the Holocaust,” I learned that the Vatican or Catholic Church could have possibly been anti-semites during the Holocaust. If Pope Pius or other members of the church did not help the Jews, this could have very well been a very reasonable answer. I’m not saying it is reasonable that they did not help, but that if they did not help because they did not like the Jews, it makes sense. The Catholic Church constantly said they wanted to remain on good terms with the Germans, but why? If they believed that what the Nazis were doing was justified, then it certainly would not entail them fighting against them.
From the third source, “The Greek Orthodox Church and the Holocaust,” I learned why the Greeks did not help the Jews during the Holocaust. In English one last year I learned while reading the Odyssey that the Greeks were very giving people and always wanted to make food. Because I had this prior knowledge, I wondered why the Greeks did not help the Jewish people. In this essay I learned that the Greeks were a part of the Ottoman Empire and had traditions that were still a part of them when they became independent. While a part of the Ottoman Empire the Greeks believed that the Jews were a part of the devil and did not respect them. They often killed the Jews and this traveled into their traditions when they were independent. For this reason, the Greeks were happy about the Holocaust and therefore did nothing to stop it.
In the four source, “Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust,” I learned that the Pope did save some Jews but also went against his word. When Pope Pius gave some Jews the chance to be baptized and follow Christianity, he sent them to Brazil where they were safe and hidden. When the Pope found out that some of the Jews were secretly practicing Judaism, he took away their privileges. Some other reasons the Pope did not get involved in the Holocaust was because he did not want to anger the Germans for fear that German-Catholics would suffer. The Pope was asked several times by both Jews and Catholics to help fight the Nazis but Pope Pius refused.
5. I believe that my color character deserves some blame for the Holocaust because some churches even contributed to the Holocaust. The Greek Church were anti-semetics from the beginning and continued to enforce it even through the war. Their complacency definately contributed to the war. The other churches also did nothing because they were afraid of the Germans and really only cared for their own people. Pope Pius did nothing intense to save the Jews because well, they weren’t Jewish. He said that he didn’t want to upset the Germans because he was afraid the Nazis would hurt the German-Catholics.
1. The color that I had was pink. This was churches of all denominations who remained silent and refused to intervene when confronted with evidence of the Holocaust.
ReplyDelete2. - Humphrys,Mark. WWW.markhumphrys.com/christianity.ww2.html.com. N.D. 23 April 2009. http://markhumphrys.com/index.htm
- WWW.holocaust.com. N.D. 23 April 2009. http://www.holocaust.com.au/mm/i_church.htm
- www.liberalslikechrist.org/catholic/RC_scandal-2.html
- Barnett J. Victoria. "The role of the churches: compliance and confrontation." ADL. 23 April 2009. http://www.adl.org/Braun/dim_14_1_role_church.asp
3. (Source 1) - This source explains how the Catholic Church could have stopped Adolf Hitler but they didn't. If the Vatican would of taken a stronger moral stand, there would have been no Holocaust. Hitler wanted to go against the Pope and the Vatican. He had canceled these plans because he it would backfire all over Catholic Europe. He was afraid that he did not have enough power in him to face all of Catholic Europe.
(Source 2) - This explains the many Christian religious groups who believed in Jew antisemitism before the Holocaust. The Christians would force the message that the Jews killed Jesus Christ.
(Source 3) - In 1941, Protestant Evangelical Church leaders of seven different regions gathered together and announced that Jews weren't allowed to be saved at baptism. They had blamed the Jews to be responsible for the wars that took place. The Germans wanted everyone to adapt these measurements that were taken upon the Jews.
(Source 4) - This source explains how the churches throughout Europe remained silent while the Jews were being slaughtered by the Nazi Germans. Protestant followers demanded that the Catholic Church should stand up for the Jews. The Catholic Church did have any control over the Germans.
4. In the first source I learned that it wasn't only Hitler who wanted to kill the Jews but the Catholic Church also. Hitler had gotten the demand from Pope Pius to kill the Jews. In the second source, I learned that anti Jew semetism was being discussed before the Holocaust even started. The Catholic Church had the power to save and stop the Jews but they didn't because they disliked the Jews. The Catholic Church tried to spread the fact that what they were doing to the Jews were good. Also in the third source, I learned that the Germans held the Jews responsible for the wars. It shows how much power the Catholic Church really has over the people. Lastly in source four I learned that the Catholic Church didn't use its voice during the Holocaust. There could have been no Holocaust due to the Catholic Church. They didn't care about them just because they were Jews, and were no different then other people.
5. In my opinion, I believe the Catholic Church should be blamed a lot for the Holocaust. It was all the Catholic Church's idea about the Holocaust. They wanted to erase the Jews from the earth. The Catholic Church told Hitler what to do and he did it. The Catholic Church had a voice but they didn't use it because they had a lot of power over everybody, and they disliked the Jews.
1) The color I got was black, which represented God.
ReplyDelete2)a.Dubov, Nissian Dovid. "Belief After the Holocaust." April 23, 2009. http://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/108398/jewish/Belief-After-the-Holocaust.htm
b.Frydland, Rachmiel. "Six Million Tragedy." April 23, 2009. http://www.menorah.org/6mil.html
c.Sorko-Ram, Shira. "How Can I Believe In a God That Would Allow the Holocaust to Happen?" circa 2003. April 23, 2009. http://www.baruchhashem.com/resources/ibjhowcan.html
d. Robinson, Geoff. "Why Did God Allow the Holocaust?" April 23, 2009. http://www.geoffrobinson.net/why.html
3)a. This source talks about how the Jews have suffered through tragedies like the Holocaust before, like being enslaved. The author even states “In each generation they rise over us to destroy us.” It talks about how the Jews, like in previous times, did not lose faith, so the Holocaust should be no different.
b. This article compares the Holocaust to the previous events in Jewish history. It says how in the past, God punished the Jews in Israel for being sinful, but if that was the case during the Holocaust, that would mean that Hitler was being used as an instrument of God. It also is full of quotes from books such as the Bible.
c. This source starts off talking about how Jesus couldn't have been God's son because of all the Christians and Protestants that have killed Jews in the 2000 years following his time, since Jews are the chosen people. Then it talks about how the Holocaust could connect to the Bible and gives lots of quotes from the Old Testament (the Torah) and analysis.
d. This source talks about how God shouldn't be blamed for the Holocaust because the Nazi's and Hitler did it. It is clear that God allows bad things to happen off the free-will of man, and the Nazis are no different.
4.a. I learned that another name for Moses is Moshe, so Moshe the Beadle from Night is potentially named after Moses.
b. I learned that the Jews celebrate the day they were freed from Hitler and the Nazis, but unlike other celebrations, there are no feasts, just somber remembrance.
c.I learned that some Jews consider Jesus to be a false Messiah because of his followers actions in the last 2000 years against the Jews.
d. I learned about the inactivity of people when the Holocaust happened. Most people just accepted it and let it happen, even though they were capable of doing things to stop it.
5) God can either take all of the blame, or none of the blame. It depends on what perspective is taken. If one looks at it through the lens that God gave man free will, then none of the blame can be put on God; the holocaust was simply the work of man's own free will. The other perspective that can be taken, more based on the Jewish faith is that God can take all the blame because he controls everything and makes things happen for a reason. Maybe he used the Holocaust to punish the Jews. Personally, I wouldn't give God any of the blame. The Holocaust was caused by the evils on man, which is because man has free will. God, according to the Bible, cannot interfere with free will, so God isn't blamed.
The color that I was assigned to was blue which were the minor soldiers who carried out mass extermination. They obeyed every command that they were given without questioning their authorities. The minor soldiers have lack of voices because they only obeyed their instructions.
ReplyDeletePoliakov, Leon. Harvest of Hate. Syracuse, NY. Syracuse University Press. 1954. Pp. 125-126
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1942graebe.html
“The Nazi Holocaust 1938-1945 6,000,000 Deaths.” The History Place. 2000. 22 April 2009.
http://www.historyplace.com/worldhistory/genocide/holocaust.htm
“Testimonies of SS men.” Shamash. n/d. 23 April 2009.
http://www.shamash.org/holocaust/denial/testimony.txt
Bulow, Louis. “Nazi testimonies- Genocide and Mass Murder.” 2008. 23 April 2009.
http://www.deathcamps.info/testimonies/
Extra : Wiesel, Elie. Night. New York. Bantam Books. 1960. Pp61, 81, 94
The first source that indicated that the SS men would took commands blindly and they would kill the Jews in ditches. The Jews in the ditches, some of them were alive but they still received bullets in their heads from the SS men.
The second source was about Hitler and his main SS men, Heinrich Himmle. The leader of SS men was Heinrich, too. He stated that, “We, the SS, have to carry out this order (“The Nazi Holocaust”).” The SS men were meant to take orders and not to ask questions about the orders. Some SS men witness the inhumanity yet did nothing to stop it nor would they try to question their authority.
The third source was about the SS men’s testimonies. The SS men were questioned about their duties in the concentration camp and one of the SS men, Wilhelm Bahr, he said that he took orders from the SS doctors and he obeyed the orders also not to question the orders. He also mentioned that he knew nothing about the reason why he poured the gas over the prisoners. Bahr was not using his voice to ask the doctors about the reasons and he would just do what they told him to do.
The fourth source was about the statistic about the number of people being killed and exterminated during World War II by the SS men. The numbers showed that two out of every three Jews were kill during World War II. The SS men were the most crucial soldiers during World War II because of their duties to exterminate the dead from the camp.
The source was from the book, Night itself. In pages sixty-one, eighty-one and ninety-four, the SS men were blindly killing the Jews. On pages eighty-one, the SS men were killing the Jews who weren’t following the line. However, this source was not strong enough to prove the blame for the SS men.
I learn that from source number one, the SS men would kill prisoners alive and they would keep on killing as long as the new prisoners kept on arriving to the camp. The SS men don’t care about whether the prisoners were alive or not, they would just kill. From source two, I learn that the SS men chose Auschwitz to slaughter the Jews. The third source, it taught me that there were many perspectives in the minor soldiers. Some of them did not know a thing on what they were doing and other they act like they just see nothing. From the fourth source, I learn the statistic about the extermination. The SS men and minor soldiers were the most brutal soldiers because they carried out the exterminating and the killing at the same time. The took orders and they don’t ask the leaders for their reasons.
The minor soldiers would only be blame for a little because they don’t have the power to disobey and they were taking commands from the higher powered people. The minor soldiers don’t make the rules and decide what they would do and not do so they should not be blame as much as the people with higher authority. They were just minor people who takes commands from more powerful people. Their powers were limited.
1.)My color character that was assinged in class was pink. Pink was the churches of all denominations who remained silent and refused to intervene when comfronted with evidence of the Holocaust.
ReplyDelete2.)Sources:
1.German Churches and the Nazis State." ushmm.org. 23 Apr 2009 (Wont let me paste the link)
2.Barnett, Victoria. "The Catholic Church and the Catholic Church and the Holocaust, 1930-1965." bBNET. 10 10 2001. 23 Apr 2009 (wont let me paste the link)
3.Schoenberg, Shira . "Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust." Jewish Virtual Library. 23 Apr 2009 (Wont let me paste the link)
4.Barnett, Victoria. "The Role of the Churches: Compliance and Confrontation." ADL. 23 Apr 2009 (wont let me paste the link)
3 and 4.)Source One: The article, "German Churches and the Nazi State" was an interesting article. The article stated that the Nazis policy at first was to tolerate of church autonomy. Later it become clearer that offical tolerance of Christian groups would last unless if they accept synchronization. I learned that the Nazis sought to create a unified national church. Also, i learned that the Roman Catholic Church and Protestant churches helped the Nazis ris to power.
Source Two: The article, "The Catholic Church and the Holocaust, 1930-1965" is a interesting article. It states that Catholics and Jews have led to significant breakthoughs and more relations in general. The article shows catholic churches during the holocaust. I learned that Churches and Jews have some breakthoughs with each other during the holocaust.
Source Three: The article, "Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust" is an interesting article.
It states that the Pope did not want to elp out the Jews or stop the Nazis during the holocaust.According to the article, it states that the germans create a a law which states if anyone kills a Jew or hurts a person, they would be prosecuted. I learned that the Pope wanted to remain neutral which was not to cause any problems in Germany.
Source Four: The article, "The Role of the Churches: Compliance and Confrontation" is an interesting article. It states that Churches knew about the Nazis deporting, persecuting, and murdering the Jews. They did not do anything about it. It was not due to ignorance but were watching in their own best interests. I learned that Churches around the world started to address their failures from the holocaust.
5.)I believe that the churches of all denominations should take some of the blame of the Holocaust. It is because the churches knew what was going on with the Jews but they decided not to do anythingg. they should take some of the blame because they should have stopped the Nazis killing the Jews.
Monica Lopez
ReplyDelete(Continued from above)
Stephens, Daniel. Film Journal. April 19, 2009. April 23, 2009. http://filmjournal.net/danielstephens/2007/04/19/not-just-another-dead-soldier-subjectivity-in-saving-private-ryan/
This source talks mainly about the Nazi soldiers and their experiences throughout the war. This is however a movie review and it talks about real events that occurred during the holocaust. Even though many other sources described the Nazi soldiers cruel; this source goes into detail about how much they sufferd, therefore I kind of makes one confused because one doesn’t know who they feel bad for the most. That is to say that probably some Nazi soldiers suffered as well as the Jews.
1. I was assigned the color yellow which is German citizens who voted for Hitler and the Nazi Party to revitalize their morally and economically depressed country.
ReplyDelete2. (Source 1) “The seeds of evil: Germany The impact of the first World war on Germany”. June 4, 2004. April 23, 2009. http://www.schoolshistory.org.uk/ASLevel_History/week3_impactofwar.htm
(Source 2) Bernard Weiner. “Germany In 1933: The easy slide into Fascism”. June 9, 2003. April 23, 2009. http://www.crisispapers.org/Editorials/germany-1933.htm
(Source 3) “Germany after WWI – Adolf Hitler essay”. April 22, 2008. April 23, 2009. http://www.allofessays.com/2008/04/22/essay/germany-after-wwi-adolf-hitler-essay/
(Source 4) Leon Degrelle. “How Hitler consolidated power in Germany and launched a social revolution”. April 23, 2009 http://www.ihr.org/jhr/v12/v12p299_Degrelle.html
3. Source one States that Germans were easily persuaded After World war one which led to the election of Hitler and eventually to the holocaust. Source two states the same thing and also that a small amount of people refused to listen to Hitler and his ideas. Source three States Germans were fooled and easily persuaded by Hitler and his lies. Lastly Source Four restates all that said and also states how Some Germans were actually happy with Hitler’s drastic and unfair actions.
4. I learned from Source one that The Germans just wanted to be free of their bankrupt and problems. Thus they voted for Hitler who promised to recover the status of Germany. Source two and three were no different it showed the fear of the Germans about their current state and wanted something to save them. Thus they just agreed with Hitler and began to hope. Lastly Source Four Showed that People in the state in which Germany was in make people whish for some saving factor. Thus making them very desperate. Since the Germans mostly agreed with the holocaust and the Jews being the main cause of their problems, its clear that they would be desperate.
5. The group I was assigned deserves a lot of blame or a little depending on the way looked at. They would deserve a lot of blame because due to them this happened. They basically created the holocaust along with Hitler since they did not do anything. However since it was Hitler who was in charge some Germans could have been afraid to do anything. It is somewhat vague.
1. My color is yellow, the German citizens who voted for Hitler and the Nazi Party to revitalize their morally and economically depressed country.
ReplyDelete2.
#1- History Learning Site. n.d. 23 Apr. 2009
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk
/Nazi_Germany_dictatorship.htm
#2- Hornberger, Jacob G. The Future of
Freedom Foundation. 28 June 2004. 23
Apr. 2009 http://www.fff.org/freedom
/fd0403a.asp
#3- Knowledgerush. n.d. 23 Apr. 2009
http://www.knowledgerush.com/kr
encyclopedia/Adolf_Hitler/
#4- The History Place. n.d. 23 Apr. 2009
http://www.hisrotyplace.com/worldwar2
/riseofhitler/leader.htm
3.
#1- In source #1, it states how Hitler took advantage of the Reichstag building being burned down the week before the elections. Hitler then told the former president that the communist and trying to take over by force. This gave an opportunity for Hitler to make speeches to the German citizens of how he can save Germany from being attack.
#2- In source #2, it states how many votes was there for Hitler and the other candidates. Hitler didn't have the most votes in the first and second elections. Also, it states how most of the German citizens were scared of the depression so they were willing to surrender their liberties in return for protection from Hitler since Hitler said he could restore order.
#3- In source #3, it states how the Nazis voted for Hitler because it will benefit them too. Also, since farmers and war veterans supported the Nazis, they voted for Hitler too. In addition, it states how Hitler used propaganda to show how strong he is to the citizens. Moreover, citizens were in shock of the depression they are having and wanted to return to the way it was badly.
#4- In source #4, it states how the Nazis realized if Hitler lost the elections, then Nazi powers will be lost. Therefore, almost all Nazis voted for Hitler. Hitler received 543 votes form Nazis alone. Also, since there were more Nazis then German citizens voting, Hitler won the elections and took power.
4.
#1- In source #1, I learned that a week before the elections, something big happened which gave Hitler the opportunity to gain more votes and trust from the German citizens. I didn't know that Hitler did so many things just to get the Germans to vote for him. Also, I didn’t know that the German citizens were so afraid of the depression that they relied on Hitler and surrender their rights.
#2- In source #2, I learned Hitler didn't win in the elections in the first and second round. I always thought that everyone voted for Hitler and he won the election easily. I didn't know that Hitler lost many votes to Field Marshall Paul von Hindenburg in the first two elections. Also, I didn't know that there were other candidates running against Hitler.
#3- In source #3, I learned that Hitler lied to the German citizens that he could restore order and let them live a happy live. Hitler was a complete liar. Hitler lied to the citizens so they would vote for him.
#4- In source #4, I learned that Hitler won the election because of the Nazis. If the Nazis didn't vote for Hitler then Hitler would have lost the elections. Also I didn't know that there were more Nazis then German citizens voting. IO thought everyone voted for Hitler because he was strong.
5. I think my color character should be blamed a little for the Holocaust because they really thought that Hitler would restore order and peace. They didn't think a horrible thing like the Holocaust would occur. All the German citizens wanted were to escape the depression. Therefore, I think my character should have a little blame for the Holocaust.
1. My color is red: Residents of Auschwitz and other towns near concentration camps who knew about the camps but did nothing to stop them.
ReplyDelete2. Sources cited:
a) "Survivors Recall Liberation of Auschwitz." The Washington Post Jan. 28, 2007. Apr. 23, 2009. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/01/28/AR2007012800045.html
b) Wiesel, Elie. Night. New York: Bantam Books, April 1982.
c) Bartov, Omer. Holocaust: Origins, Implementation, Aftermath. Routledge, 2000.
3. Source A is an article about the Holocaust survivors. In Poland, Holocaust suvivors and local residents gathered around the ceremony located in the camp site. They all gathered to honor the people who lived near Auschwitz and risked their lives to help prisoners at the Nazi concentration camps on the 62nd anniversary of the camp's liberation.
Source B is a book written by Elie, one of the Holocaust survivors, about his experience and struggle during the period. He talks about the horror he witnessed during the Holocaust and the how his father and him struggle to keep each other alive.
Source C is a book in which provides important study of the Holocaust. It contains major interpretations of authors on the victims, bystanders and the Nazis.
4. From source A, I learned that the public World had often held the residents living near the camps responsible for ignoring what was happening to the prisoners. A letter from President Lech Kaczynski, which was read during the ceremony, stated that the world had underestimated their determination to save the prisoners. So I learned that the residents living near the concentration camps did try to help the prisoners and they aren't really to be blamed.
From source B, I learned that when the Jews passed the German townships, they didn't show no surprise to see them. This makes it seem as if they know what was happening to the Jews. One of the workman threw bread into the wagons and the Jews all fought each other to death to get a piece of the bread, because they haven't had anything to eat for days. The workmen stopped and watch them fight each other. They are amused and entertained by watching the spectacle of the Jews fighting for food. This shows how the outsiders didn't really care about what happened tot he Holocaust but only saw them as their entertainment.
From source C, I learned that residents of the communities bordering on the camps often had to witness the deaths and gruesome torture of the Jews. They ask the SS to stop the killings or at least let it be done somewhere they couldn't see or witness. Some residents avoided working near the camps and went out of their way to avoid coming into contact with the killings. This source stated that the SS asked the residents near the concentration camps not to interfere.
5. I think the residents living near the concentration camps should take a little blame on the Holocaust. I think this because according to source A, there were residents who did had the determination to save the prisoners. According to President Kaczynski, the world shouldn't really blame the residents. But they should also take a bit of blame because according to source B, some outsiders found what was happening to the prisoners amusing and entertaining. They just look on to them killing each other for food and don't do anything about it. They keep on throwing bread at them to watch them continue to fight over it. This shows how it's a bit of their fault too.
1. The color I was assigned to was black. Black represents Yahweh, the God of the Jewish faith.
ReplyDelete2. Sources:
1. Nissan Dovid Dubov. Chabad.org. n.d. 23 April. 2009 http://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/108398/jewish/Belief-After-the-Holocaust.htm
2. Got Questions.org. n.d. 23 April. 2009 http://www.gotquestions.org/God-allow-Holocaust.html
3. BBC. n.d. Bradford & West Yorkshire. 23 April. 2009 http://www.bbc.co.uk/bradford/lifestyle/faith/2003/holocaust__suffering.shtml
4. Jan Wilem van der Hoeven. “Why the Holocaust?” Watchmen Magazine!. 21. April. 2009. 23 April. 2009 http://wingswatchman.org/WordPress/2009/04/21/why-the-holocaust/
3. Source 1:
In this article, the author answered the question of where was God during the Holocaust. During this time many people wanted to believe in God but God did not answer there prays, so they doubt if there even was even one. The Holocaust had many dramatic proportions which made people lose faith in God because they feel like God wasn’t there to help the Jews during the Holocaust. In this source Dubov is saying that God is not to blame for the Holocaust, it is humanity that is to blame. Many people were silent and passive during this time because it was not them in the situation. This shows that man cannot be relied on for righteousness or justice based on his own intellect.
Source 2:
In this source from Got Questions.org, the author writes that Gods thoughts are more superior to to man’s thoughts. People’s faith helps them trust that God’s plans are the best plan possible for restoring humanity. The author also wrote that God’s permission is different from his approval. God may have let the Holocaust occur, but that does not mean that he approved of it. God has done everything for people to be redeemed of sin, which would destroy us. The Holocaust is a direct result of man rebelling against God and committing sin, therefore humanity is to blame for the Holocaust, not God’s lack of voice.
Source 3:
This source by BBC is an interview with two Holocaust survivors. They were asked the question, where was God in the Holocaust. John Chilag is one of the survivors who lost the little faith he had in God. He also said that those who had no faith before the Holocaust became very strong in faith. John Chilag said "The most important lesson I learnt from the Holocaust is we have to fight indifference…But a large proportion of people just stood by and watched and that is what we have to fight. If people would react even in a minor way then the problem would have been solved." Although he may have lost his faith other started to believe. The other survivor Arek Hersch said that he lost his faith but gained it back after the Holocaust, hoping the world will become better and people will live in peace. Again the blame of the Holocaust is not the lack of voice in God but of the people who just watched the Holocaust happen.
Source 4:
This article written by Jan Wilem van der Hoeven is another source that puts the blame on man and not God for the Holocaust. Hoeven also mentions that the people are the ones who put Hitler into power, not God. God tried to prevent sinning but humanity always disobeys him and they sin.
4. Source 1- From reading this source I learned that humans were mainly to blame for the Holocaust. God was not necessarily answering the people’s prayers but a lot were losing faith anyway. I think that God was there during the Holocaust because he gave many Jews the strength to overcome the Nazis power and survive through all of the hardship
Source 2- I learned the same thing from this source as I did from source 1, that people are to blame for the Holocaust. This source also brought up an interesting point that permission is not the same as approval. I believe that God obviously did not want the Jews to die and he did not approve of what had happened. I also starting thinking if Yahweh, the Jewish God can stop the Nazis who did not believe in him, from their actions.
Source 3- It was interesting to hear the point of view of actual survivors of the Holocaust and their thoughts of where God was. I felt that their answers were more important than any other source. I learned that even those who stopped believing in Yahweh at the time of the Holocaust could still believe in him now. They too have realized that God did not want that to happen to them and that man is at fault for what happened during the Holocaust.
Source 4- This source brought to my attention that the Jews were the ones that wanted Hitler as leader at first. I don’t believe Jews were to blame for their decision but just man in general allowed the Holocaust to happen.
5. The amount of blame that God should get for the Holocaust is different to many people. I believe that God should get very little blame or even no blame at all. I don’t believe it was God’s fault for what happened to the Jews. Man and humanity did not help the Jews for several years. They just watched what happened to them and did nothing about it for a while. Humans are the people who committed the sins by treating the Jews the way they did. God does not approve of sinning and therefore he is not at fault for the Holocaust, humans are.
Purple: Top SS officers who designed and executed the “final solution” for Hitler. Cole C. Kingseed
ReplyDelete"The Order of the Death's Head: the Story of Hitler's SS". Infantry Magazine. FindArticles.com. 23 Apr, 2009. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0IAV/is_2_92/ai_114783389/.
In “The Order of the Death’s Head: the Story of Hitler’s SS,” it describes the SS officials and their reasoning for being apart of the military force under Hitler’s ruling. In the words one junior SS officer, they considered themselves a “new form of religious sect with its own rites and customs.” According to the author, German males enlisted to satisfy “two innate yearnings peculiar to the German nation: to belong to a military community promising fame, security, and the glitter of martial exercises, and to form part of an elite, an all-powerful secret society.” The SS officers, according to this, were wrapped around that idea of nationalism that they disregarded civil rights and liberty.
From this source, I learned that my character might have just been doing their job. I also learned that German journalist Heinz Hohne provided complete history of the unit Hitler used in exercising dictatorial command of Nazi Germany. Organized in the summer of 1925, the SS evolved from a monolithic organization directed by the "demoniac will of one man" to a "bizarre nonsensical affair, devoid of all logic." According to Hohne, the SS was a product of accident and automatism, dominated by idealistic criminals, place-seekers and romantics.
“Kurt Gerstein.” n.d. 17 April 2009 http://www.auschwitz.dk/Gerstein.htm
“Kurt Gerstein” is about an SS officer unlike any other. In 1940 he applied to the SS in order to gain access to the Third Reich and gather information about the Nazis and their dark secrets, after being told by the Bishop of Stuttgart that mentally ill patients were being killed. He realized that as a witness, his position was unique, and he was determined to expose what he knew to the world to stop the murder.
From this source, I learned a lot about Kurt Gerstein. Gerstein did not join the force to engage in the movement but to gain evidence to tell the entire world. He was an undercover aid. Gerstein risked his and was found dead in his cell.
Landau, The Nazi Holocaust, Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 1994. 17 April 2009 http://cghs.dadeschools.net/holocaust/fsolution.htm
“The IB Holocaust Project” discusses Hitler’s Final Solution plan and the use of the SS officers. The Final Solution of the Jewish Question was Adolf Hitler's plan to exterminate the Jews in Europe. His ideas were so strong that he released his hatred by murdering them. There was an entire conference which included twelve officials to discuss the final solution. They agreed that Jews would have to be removed as quickly as possible from the territory of the General Government. They agreed that a majority of the Jews were unfit to work, and would have to be dealt with. It was stated that the General Government would support the Chief of Secretary Police and the SD in the efforts to solve the Jewish elimination. In the end it was decided that certain preparatory activities for the Final Solution should be carried out, in which the process of frightening the public was determined to be avoided. The committee thought they were being cautious about the image they were portraying!
From this source, I learned that my character had a lot to do with the Final Solution and the upcoming of the Holocaust. Almost all the men who designed the Final Solution for Hitler were Top SS officials. They came up with how and what they were going to do to the Jews. I learned that it was the Chief of Security police and the SD, SS-Obergruppenführer Heydrich, who established the preparations for the Final Solution of the Jewish Question in Europe.
“Master of Death.” n.d. 17 April 2009. http://www.auschwitz.dk/Heydrich.htm
Reinhard Heydrich was one of Hitler's most ruthless Nazis and second in importance only to Heinrich Himmler in the Nazi SS organization and the principle planner of the Final Solution. Heydrich and his boss, Heinrich Himmler, head of the SS, were in the process of assuming leadership in the murder of Europe's Jews by the Nazis. Heydrich was the speaker at the Wannsee Conference on January 20, 1942 and admitted that he received order for Final solution from Adolf Hitler. Heydrich was in charge of the conference with the aid of Adolf Eichmann. The conference was attended by all high ranking officials. It began the immediate starting of the overall European Genocide.
From reading a number amount of sources, the Top SS officials contributed to the happening of the Holocaust. They were the most fear and the most hated. The SS were basically the brains of this operation.
I believe the Top SS officers should be blamed a lot for the Holocaust. They were the masterminds. It was them who sat in a conference and developed such a terrible plan. The SS officers were just as bad as Hitler who discriminated against the Jews. They fall right under Hitler, the leader of the German nation who hated Jews and wanted them destroyed.
Stephanie Almanzar
ReplyDeleteRED: Residents of Auschwitz and other towns near concentration camps who knew about the camps but did nothing to stop them.
"Polish official: Poles near Auschwitz were not indifferent to Holocaust".27 Jan. 2007.23 Apr. <2009.http://www.haaretz.co.il/hasen/pages/ShArtStEng.jhtml?itemNo=818307&contrassID=1&subContrassID=1&title='Polish%20official:%20Poles%20near%20Auschwitz%20were%20not%20indifferent%20to%20Holocaust'&dyn_server=172.20.5.5#top>
The nearby residents of concentration camps such as Auschwitz paid their respects to all the Jews that were tortured and burned during the holocaust. This showed that they felt bad and felt that the Jews should be respected for taking all the pain and suffering. However many felt indifference towards what happened to the Jews and did nothing among the community. The Polish government were the ones who made campaigns to honor the Jews but many who attended, rarely cared. This all happened after the holocaust was over. I learned that the Polish people did pay their respects although they did nothing during the holocaust.
"Auschwitz". n.d. 23 Apr. 2009.
The residents of Auschwitz were treated with luxury by the Nazis. They had "beautiful shops, restaurants, hotels, etc." all because they weren't Jews. I learned that the residents of Auschwitz probably didn't do much about what was being done to the Jews because they were treated well and they had many privileges.
"36 Questions About the Holocaust". n.d. 23 Apr. 2009.
Many residents of towns around the concentration camps actually wanted to participate in killing the Jews. Many agreed with what the Nazis were doing and wanted in on the action. I learned that many disliked the Jews as much as the Nazis did.
Donovan, Jeffrey."Europe: Auschwitz Legacy Weighs on Residents Of Nearby Town -- Especially Its Youth". 27 Jan. 2005. 23 Apr. 2009.
The opinions of residents near concentration camps hasn't changed over time. Even now there are many who wish that the holocaust had never happened. The holocaust brought much attention to places like Auschwitz and Birkenau and residents wish that life was just "normal". I learned that many people, even today, disliked the attention that the holocaust brought to their towns.
5. My character, the residents of the nearby towns of the concentration camps, should take a good amount of responsibility for the holocaust. Many residents disliked what was going on but didn't care enough to do anything about it. They were very selfish in thinking solely about themselves since they were risking their lives by trying to help the Jews. No one really wanted to cause a fuss over what was being done. They just stood quiet and did nothing. Many wished that this had never happened because it caused too much commotion. Also many actually liked what was being done to the Jews and wanted to help the Nazis in killing and torturing the Jews. I found this to make them somewhat responsible for what was happening because they didn't necessarily care about the Jews and others were also in favor of the holocaust. Although they felt for the Jews they didn't do anything to help them for there own survival. All of the residents had a voice because they were cared for by the Nazis and obviously some felt bad for the Jews because afterwards they paid homage to them. However, they didn't use their voices because they didn't really care to.
Ahmed Atieh
ReplyDelete1)My color was green which represented Hitler, the leader of the German nation who hated Jews and wanted them destroyed.
2)A) "Adolf Hitler “Jewish Virtual Library.” 23 Apr 2009.
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/hitler.html
B) “Adolf Hitler and the Holocaust." The Holocaust, Crimes, Heroes and Villains. 23 Apr. 2009 http://www.auschwitz.dk/Hitler.htm
C) Rosenberg, Jennifer."Last Will". 23 Apr 2009. http://history1900s.about.com/od/hitleradolf/a/hitlerwill.htm
D) BBC News. "BBC - History - Adolf Hitler (1889 - 1945)." BBC - Homepage. 20 Apr. 2009 http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/hitler_adolf.shtml
3)A) Hitler grew up and was interested in art. After getting rejected from Viennese Academy of Fine Arts, Hitler had a new view on life. He adopted anti-Semitism, hatred of Jews. Hitler was also against the treaty of Versailles. After gaining power in Germany, Hitler eliminated anyone who was a threat to him, including the Jews.
B) The Jews were banned from many things like government jobs, voting, profession, and ownership of businesses. Concentration camps were made in Germany. Men, women and children were killed. Six million people were murdered most of them being Jews and Poles.
C) Hitler’s last will was death. Him and his wife committed suicide. He gave all his belongings to the Nazis. Hitler kills himself before facing defeat. He know that he has lost power and will be killed. Hitler makes a last will stating his demands. He nominates Martin Bormann as executor.
D) Hitler’s invasion of Poland started World War II. Hitler then ordered an invasion on the Soviet Union. The Jewish population was gathered up and almost destroyed. The Nazis began to kill massive numbers of Jews. When Hitler was about to face defeat against America and the soviets, he committed suicide.
4) I learned a lot of things about my character. I learned that Hitler had killed himself before he was defeated. I also learned that Hitler was a young artist. After being rejected from the school he wanted to go to, Hitler had changed his mind set. He adapted hatred of Jews. Hitler had served in the military for a little while. He was awarded with a medal for being a courageous soldier. Hitler was a strong and powerful man before he became leader of Germany. He was powerful and persuasive in his speeches. When the Jews were boycotted in Germany, this gave Hitler a chance to gain power. The Jews had their rights taken away from them. They were sent to concentration camps were many of them were killed.
5) My character should take a lot of blame. From what I have researched, it was Hitler who went against the treaty of Versailles and invaded Poland. It was then that the Holocaust began and a large amount of the Jewish population was killed. It was also Hitler who made the concentration camps in which many Jews were killed and others were used as slaves. Hitler disliked the Jews and in a way he spread anti-Semitism. I think Hitler should take a lot of blame for the Holocaust.
Miguel Molina
ReplyDeleteThe color I was given was white. This color included the Leaders of the Allied countries who saw evidence of the Holocaust but refused to get involved or voice opposition to Hitler’s plan of extermination.
Sources:
1. "Allies Knew Of Danger To Italian Jews." CBS News. 26 Jun. 2000. 21 Apr. 2009. (could not post)
2. Gleason, K.C. "The 'Holocaust' and the Failure of Allied and Jewish Responses: The Logic Of Disbelief." Institute for Historical Review. 21 Apr. 2009. (could not post)
3. Shannon, Phil. "The Allies' role in the Holocaust." Green Left Online. 21 Mar. 2001. 21 Apr. 2009. (could not post)
4. "Trade With the Third Reich." The National Archives. 21 Apr. 2009. (could not post)
Summaries/ Explanations:
1. This article talks about British and American nations being informed about Nazi plans. This was all discovered during a news conference where many historians released 400,000 pages of old documents. In the documents was Hitler saying what his plans were. While Hitler informed SS officers of this, the transmission had been intercepted by the British since it had been in radio code. Britain then decided to inform the United States of this. This is just one clear example of how well informed two of these allied Nations were. These orders included the slaughter toward the Jews in Italy. The transmission was intercepted because throughout the whole time Britain was tapping into German message traffic. According to Timothy Naftali, Britain didn’t want to say nothing about their ability to hear their plans because Germany might have made it harder for other nations to hear their plans. The article also stated that even if this information was put out to the public, there wasn’t much the Jews in danger could have done to escape their situation.
1b. What I learned from this article is that the United States was well aware of Hitler’s plans to begin with. They knew about what was going to happen like they could see the future. Hitler’s plans were all executed the way he wanted them to. The United States should have taken some type of action because even the smallest reaction could have made a difference and could have saved many lives. However, I also learned that the victims of the Holocaust were trapped with no way out.
2. This second article talks about how well informed the United States were of some of Hitler’s crimes during this dark period of time but they remained complacent. They did nothing to stop Hitler’s plans. The article states that the fail of the United States to act upon the information they had obtained was due to their disbelief in what they knew. The United States was aware of certain murder reports. This information was simply not taken seriously. The allied nations refused to not believe the information and took it as German propaganda. The document also states that the United Stated was well aware of the camps in Germany. They knew about the camps at the beginning of the Holocaust and how they later transformed into labor and death zones.
2b. What I learned from this article is that the United States didn’t think much would happen. They didn’t think this event would turn out as bad as it really did. The reason for this is that the article says that the U.S. didn’t take the information seriously.
3. This third article also explains how the United States along with other Allied Nations and their leaders refused to act against Hitler’s Plan. However this article states that these nations gave “lame excuses” to why they did nothing. Although the article takes several shots at the allied nations, they defended them on various occasions. For example, the article said that the allied nations took action to the Holocaust by going to war with Germany. Oddly enough this article also says that a few of the allied leaders admired Hitler. They liked the fact that he was “tough” with what he believed in and in his government. One example of how the article puts blame on the allied nations was by saying that the allied nations said they weren’t sure of the mass killings in Germany. The article later went on saying this was simply a lie and that the allied nations had also hacked into the Germans radio codes. These codes let out information of massacres of Soviet and Polish Jews. Like other articles, “The Allies' role in the Holocaust” also lets us know that the United States took this information as a rumor. Meaning they did not take it seriously which is why they refused to act upon this information.
3b. What I have learned from this third article is that the Allied Nations could be somewhat immature. They gave bad excuses to try and get them out of taking action. Instead they tried to distract the public of what was happening but using reverse psychology. They said they admired Hitler’s work instead of putting it down for its cruelty and bad thoughts. I also learned that the United Stated as well as other nations had the ability to know what was happening.
4. This fourth article refers more to Germany. It tells us how Germany tried to hide certain information from the United States. However it does not make it clear to us that they were successful in doing so. It does make it clear to us that they were able to hide Nazi business ownership. The rest of the article goes on to talk about how Germany had a lot of communications with many parts of the world and many people. People even including Jews.
4b. This article made me more aware of Germanys game plan. They tried to keep things away from nations in general instead of just the allies specifically. If Germany tried to hide something that means there was obviously something to hide. The previous articles said that the allies figured out about Hitler’s plan though radio codes. It all connects together. Putting the articles together we can come to the conclusion that the United States did indeed figure out secret information but for some reason refused to let it out or take action.
How much blame:
5. I put a lot of blame on my color. The allied nations for a fact knew about Hitler’s plan ahead of time. They also had frequent updates of what was happening with all the killings. However they refused to act. Not only did they not react but put excuses towards not taking action. However, I cannot give them total blame because even if they did take action it would require fighting against German forces. By the time they had complete information of what was happening they were already fighting against Germany. The allied nations in a way did what they can but could have responded much earlier than they did.
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ReplyDelete1. The color I was assigned to was purple, top SS officers who designed and executed the "final solution" for Hitler.
ReplyDelete2.
a)Louis Bulow. "Kurt Gerstein". Publication date N/A. 22 April 2009. http://auschwitz.dk/Gerstein.htm
b)Name of author N/A. "My Past Life As A WWII SS Officer". Publication N/A. 22 April 2009. http://www.geocities.com/waffenss_1944
c) Name of author N/A. "The History Place: SS leader Reinhard Heydrich". Copyright 1997. 23 April 2009. http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/biographies/heydrich-biography.htm
d) Justice Robert Jackson. "German Officers State Their Case". Publication date N/A. 23 April 2009. http://www.unctv.org/auschwitz/remember_lesson10_hd1A.html
3.
a) The first source is about Kurt Gernstein, who was an SS officer during the Holocaust. He ha dalways been against the Nazis and was part of the Christian anti-Nazi resistance. In 1940, Gernstein decided to apply to the SS so he can gather information about the Nazis and their secrets so he could expose the truth about them. Gernstein was deeply affected by what he witnessed: the harsh executions, the motionless bodies. He eventually did whatever he could ot inform the Allies about the Nazis. He told them about how the prisoners were forced to undress, their hair was cut off and they were forced to go to the gas chambers. He described everything he saw, from the huge piles of shoes to the huge pile of dead bodies that looked as if it suffered from malnutrition.
From this, I learned that some of the SS officers were against what the Nazis were doing. Some of the officers, like Kurt, were very brave and became an "investigator" to gather information about the Nazis so they could inform other people of the horrors they were committing and let them know the truth.
b) The second source was about a man who had these visions that he believed to come from reincarnation. He was listening to a tape when he was listened to a special melody that sounded really familiar to him and suddenly he remembered that he had been reincarnated and the person in his past life was an SS officer during the Holocaust. He found out that he had grown up a Nazi and that he joined the SS as a young man. He remembered the endless days of fighting and battles, and the days without food or sleep. Things had gotten worse when he realized he was part of a "secret lodge" made up of SS officers that would destroy the enemies. In the end, he described how he died and how he was "paralyzed by greif" because of all the horrible things that had happened.
From this, I learned that people today think this was morally wrong. This was a special source because it was made by a man who had memories of his reincarnation, who was an SS officer during the Holocaust. When he remembered those memories, he was shocked with grief that such things had happen and so many Jews were killled.
c) The third source is ab0ut Reinhard Heydrich, an SS officer who had planned Hitler's Final Solution, where the Jews were going to be exterminated completely of Europe. During the SS interview, Heydrich wrote down his plans for a future SS intelligence gathering service. This showed Heydrich's confidence, Aryan looks and SS abilities and it gave him the job. Heyrid created the intelligence gathering organization also known as the SD or SS Security Service. After getting tired of the organization, Heyrid changed it to a network of informers who made reports of anyone who opposed Hitler in any way and anyone who came as "spies" to gather information about the Nazi party. The Final Solution plan was started by Heyrid and later developed by Himmler, Kaltenbrunner and Eichmann.
From this, I learned that not only were there officers who opposed the Nazis, there were some that supported them like Heydrich. They wanted Nazi Germany to get alot of power.
d) The fourth source is about the Nuremberg War Trials, which were a series of trials that were held in Nuremberg, Germany where former Nazi leaders were tried. The German officers were also tried. This source was an excerpt from the actual trials, this one mostly about the German officers. One of the officers, Ohlendorf, claimed that he and other officers had not agreed with Hitler's orders, but because he wasn't entitled to disobey him and protest against it, all he could do was listen to the orders as a soldier. Another officer, Rudolph Hess was stating his case as well. He talked about how the SS officers were not supposed to think about those things and he said that they never heard anything and they were only ordered to protect Germany from the Jews. All they were thinking about was to not disobey any orders.
From this, I learned that like the prisoners, the SS officers had no voice. Even if they had went against the Holocaust, they couldn't do anything about it. They were assigned to take orders from Hitler and Hitler's orders were to kill Jews. If they were to disobey them, then they would suffer consequences, like death. So they decide not to think anything and listen to any orders that were announced.
5. My color character should take some of the blame even though they had no voice. Even though they couldn't say anything, they taken action. If Hitler ordered them to kill the Jews, then they could have came together to protest this. There were alot of SS officers and there was only one Hitler. They could have came together and went against Hitler for taking such horrific actions against a race of innocent people.
1. My color is orange, which symbolizes the Jews who did not try to escape.
ReplyDelete2. From the book, “Darkness and Hope” have a small section of what is in the book. This section described why the main character and his friend did not try to escape from the concentration camp when they could’ve. The main character and his friend are both Jewish. Once, a Jew escaped from the camp, and a number of Jews were shot in front of everyone for that one Jew who escaped. This was why the main character and his friend agreed that they would not be selfish and escape which can cause many Jews’ lives to be destroyed by bullets. Even when the main character is in the open field with his horse named Chestnut, he did not bother to escape.
Halpern, Sam. “Darkness and Hope.” 23 1996. April, 2009. http://www.aish.com/holocaust/issues/he86f17.htm
There were Jews that actually tried to escape. Like the boat fill of 930 German Jews on the ship St. Louis set sail in May 13, 1939. They seek for countries to let them in. The United States only let 30 of them in because of the growing population. The boat of Jews were begging to be in any countries, except going back to Germany. Some countries such as France, Great Britain, Belgium and Netherlands was willing to divide the Jews and let them into their countries. Unfortunately when the Nazi fought Europe, all the Jews were captured. Then in 1941, 769 Jews set sail on a ship. This time, no country was willing to let them in. They sailed for a while. And when they approached near Turkey, the government wouldn’t let them in. And the ship broke down. They set sail again in seventy-four days, but the ship sink in the middle of the ocean. Only two people survived. There was many people who rescued the Jews. Some people hided Jewish children in their houses, and there were even people who set secret plans to save Jews from the concentration camps, but most of those failed due to no government support.
Rossel, Seymour. “Escape and Rescue.” 2003. 23 April, 2009.
http://www.rossel.net/Holocaust10.htm
This site has answers to 36 questions about the Holocaust. What I learned in this site was that, there were very few people in Germany who helped aid and saved the Jews. Even those who opposes against Hitler’s anti-Jews ideas, they mainly don’t show it. What was most interesting was that a clergy named the Dimpropst Bernhard Lichtenberg prayed daily for the Jews and was sent to a concentration camp. I believed that was why many people was afraid to help the Jews.
“36 Questions About the Holocaust.” 1997. 23 April, 2009.
http://motlc.wiesenthal.com/site/pp.asp?c=gvKVLcMVIuG&b=394663#12
It is interesting that many Jews, around 90,000 had fled from Germany to nearby countries before World War I begin. It was difficult for Jews to enter any countries after the war started. 300,000 Jews fled to the Soviet Union, but when Germany begin to attack the Soviet, most of them fled to Asia. It was really difficult for Jews to enter any countries. Some countries such as Spain allowed only a reduced amount of Jews into their country. What was nice was, forces in Italy aid many Jews. So, even if any Jews wanted to escape during the war, they simply have no where to go.
“Escape from German-Occupied Europe.” 11 March, 2009. 23 April, 2009.
http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005470
As I was researching, many sites mentioned “Final Solution” and never really explained about it. This site explains that the “Final Solution” was Adolf Hitler’s plan to destroy all the Jews. It was when the Jews were being tracked down. Even those who tried to escape to Europe were sent back to Germany. And the SS means Schutzstaffel. The SS units captured all Jews from their homes and sent the Jews to the death camps. And this is what the “Final Solution” represents. It represents the actions that was made in attempt to erase all the Jews.
“Holocaust - Final Solution.” 23 April, 2009.
http://library.thinkquest.org/trio/TTQ03068/finalsolution.htm
3. (Source 1) People did try to escape from the death camps. Even if some succeed, they lead to greater dangers to others. If one man escaped, many men would be killed in the concentration camps because of that. So even when Jews can escape, they don’t bother, because they don’t want to harm their own kind.
(Source 2) There was about 900,000 Jews setting sail to other countries away from Germany before the war started. Many countries divided the people from the ship and took them in. But when Hitler invaded Europe, he captured back most of the Jews. When World War II begin, it was difficult, almost no countries would accept Jews in, because they were afraid of getting involved in war. As for the governments also, they believed that it was more important to end the war than to save the Jews. They believed that by ending the war, it would lead to greater benefits and also save the Jews as well.
(Source 3) It was interesting, that few people in Germany manage their ways to save Jews (mainly children). They would keep them and even educate them. Although those who saved many Jews, there was hardly any opposing Hitler’s plan, the Final Solution.
(Source 4) What I learned from this source was weird. There were actually Italian forces helping to aid many Jews. It was terrifying also. At first I thought that it must be the Jews’ fault, that they did not try to escape. But when I research more into it. I realized many Jews tried to escape from under Hitler’s nose. Such as in this source, about 300,000 Jews went into the Soviet Union, and then into Asia when Germany attacked the Soviet. The Jews tried to escape, with no help from anyone, it was like they were running away from Hitler.
(Source 5) Coming across from researching about Jews trying or not trying to escape I came upon a question. What is the “Final Solution”? That word was used over and over again in many sites. So I went to research into it. This source told me, it was Hitler’s Final Solution. Hitler believed it would only be for the best, to eliminate the Jews. With SS forces, they tracked down Jews, and even went into every houses in search for Jews. Then they bring them to the concentration camps, and prepare the Jews their death ovens.
5. I believe that the Jews does have some blame into why the Holocaust was made for them. It is because if they weren’t so religious, so into themselves only, they wouldn’t have end up this way. When Hitler was young, he sold pencils to make a living. Many other kids were on the street selling pencils just like him. The Jews would not buy from little Hitler, they would only buy from their own kind, from Jewish kids. This is why Hitler have such an hatred against the Jews. Jews believe that they are the “chosen” ones, by God. So if they are the “chosen” ones, then what makes us? The “non-chosen” ones? Well, that wasn’t such a big deal. And that is why I believe that the Jews have a very little percentage of blame of why the Holocaust existed. I believe the Jews have about 1% of the blame because they did not commit anything immoral in resulting them to be tortured and killed in the concentration camps.
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ReplyDelete1. My color is White, the leaders of the Allied countries who saw evidence of the Holocause but refused to get involved or voice opposition to Hitler's plan of extermination.
ReplyDelete2.
1st Source: K. C. Gleason. The 'Holocaust' and the Failure of Allied and Jewish Responses: The Logic Of Disbelief. 23 Apr. 2009. http://www.ihr.org/jhr/v05/v05p215_Gleason.html
2nd Source: Michael Berenbaum. REFLECTIONS ON THE HOLOCAUST. 23 Apr. 2009. http://www.britannica.com/holocaust/article-9342910
3rd Source: World Response to the Holocaust. 23 Apr. 2009. http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/worldres.html
4th Source: Keren Wexler. The US and the Holocaust Project Group. Dec. 2003. 23. Apr. 2009. http://www.history.ucsb.edu/faculty/marcuse/classes/33d/projects/usholo/KerenUSIgnorance.htm
3. This first source discusses whether or not America was aware of the Holocaust. There were some questionings. Some information that they received were thought to be atrocious propaganda. And so, it was not treated seriously by the Allied leadership. This site provides several evidence of information that were sent to the Allies. There were actually missing details in the photographs sent to them, important details such as the gas chambers. There are claims that there was not enough information for them to take action and so they were complacent, and when they were aware, they wanted to ignore it.
The second source discusses the question "Why wasn't Auschwitz bombed?" Evidence states the Allies could have bombed but refused to do so because there were innocent lives at stake. This became a moral question during debates. There were requests to drop the bomb on Auschwitz as well. In the end, the bomb was never dropped because the pessimist won; believing nothing could be done.
The third source discusses the common questions "Why did the Allied Powers not do anything?" U.S either denied or unconfirmed the reports in the newspapers. And when the U.S government officials received evidence proving the reports to be true, they suppressed the information. There were also photographs that were smuggled out, and were kept as a secret. Reports of truths were kept as a secret as well, it was only until 1944 that the Allied leaders took action.
The fourth source discusses that America was ignorant about the Holocaust. This source states that America was unaware of the "realities" of the Holocaust. It also stated that in the beginning, the information was more accurate because the Nazi's were not majorly violent. But as the Holocaust continued and their actions got violent, information became inaccurate.
4. From the 1st source, I learned that there were actually many documents and evidence sent to the U.S but the U.S passed it off as atrocious propaganda or unconfirmed information.
From the 2nd source, I learned that the U.S was deciding if they should drop the bomb on Auschwitz. It was the fact that innocent lives were going to be sacrificed that kept them from bombing. I also learned that in the end, they didn't drop the bomb.
From the third source, I learned that when U.S found evidence to be true, they suppressed the information. There were pictures of graves and mass murder kept as a secret. Reports from escaped prisoners were also suppressed. I also learned that the Nazi's offered Britain a million Jews in exchange for 10,000 trucks, but the British declined because they would not know what to do with the Jewish people.
From the fourth source, I learned that in the beginning, the Nazi's passed on accurate information to America because they had not commit major acts of violence. But during the "Final Solution," the Nazi's fed lies to America's press, claiming it was a "requirement" of the war.
5. I believe the Allied leaders should receive a significant amount of blame. Even if they were aware or not of the situation, the fact that there was information and evidence should push them to take action and further investigate. The Allies were complacent and choose to be oblivious. They should have not found excuses and tried to investigate further. And the fact that they suppressed the true information of the Holocaust, should have them take most of the blame. Because had they not suppressed the true information, many lives would be saved and the suffering of the Jews wouldn't have to continue for a long time. The Allies could have done something to stop the Holocaust. For example, the bombing of Auschwitz. If the U.S had chosen to drop the bomb, many lives would have been saved even though many others would have died. Everyone there would have died sooner or later, dropping the bomb would be saving everybody through survival or death. It was not until later the U.S freed the Jews, but it was the point where many have lost their lives and their humanity. The Allies deserve most of the blame for being complacent and indecisive, because many would have been saved.
1.The color I had was blue. It was the color of the Nazi soldiers who carried out mass extermination orders without asking any questions. They also acted on their own to kill many people without authorization from their superiors.
ReplyDelete2.“The Nazi Holocaust” 23 Apr. 2009. http://www.historyplace.com/worldhistory/genocide/holocaust.htm
-United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. 11 Mar. 2009 http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005145
-Poliakov, Leon. Harvest of Hate. Syracuse, NY. Syracuse University Press. 1954. Pp. 125-126
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1942graebe.html
- Bulow, Louis. “Nazi testimonies- Genocide and Mass Murder.” 2008. 23 April 2009.
http://www.deathcamps.info/testimonies/
- Source one discusses the Nazi soldiers and how they followed Hitler. They would do as they were told and never asked questions. They would give speeches in pubic and convince many other people to take the anti- Semitism, anti-Jew, way of life. They exterminated the Jews by condemning them to the gas chambers or the furnaces. They also made them suffer by making them work a lot and wouldn’t give them enough food; this led to mass extermination as well. I learned that many of the Minor soldiers were the ones to go to the towns and make people join their group. They were so devoted to Hitler and his ideas that they did all he asked without asking any questions. Most of the minor soldiers acted as though they had no minds of their own. They simply did as they were told and to a large extent agreed with everything.
-Source two is about established killing centers for efficient mass murder. The Nazis wanted to kill as many Jews as possible so they built certain camps which were made for the extermination of Jews. Auschwitz was a camp built in Poland, and everyday 6,000 Jew would die there. The soldiers there simply watched and many even enjoyed the deaths. From this source, I learned that there were different kinds of camps with different kinds of jobs. The concentration camps were camps in which Jews were forced to work ad would be killed if they were no longer able to work. However, the killing camps were camps in which everyone simply died. The soldiers would kill many Jews without question, and some even killed more than required for each day. I also learned that the camp of Auschwitz had four gas chambers.
-The third source is about how the Nazi soldiers killed many Jews in and out f the camps. The soldiers would make the Jews dig ditches and then would force the Jews to jump in the ditches where they would be shot and killed. Many soldiers would happily kill all the Jews and made sure they were dead my shooting them multiple times. This source taught me that the Nazi soldiers that went in towns to get the Jews to the camps would kill many for pleasure. They would also make fun of the Jews while they made them dig their own graves. They soldiers took a great interest in doing this and it seems as though they didn’t feel for the Jews at all. They were given orders, and they simply followed them.
-The forth source is about the SS men leaving the survivors with the most horrible memories. The SS men were in charge of killing the Jews and that’s what they simply did. They killed many and were ruthless men. The source is mainly about the statistics and how every two out three Jews were brutally killed by the SS men. This source to was kind of interesting because of the way it describes the way it describes the soldiers. It says that the men were family men, and I learned that they really did not use their minds at all. To them everything that was happing was good. They didn’t question and didn’t care for the millions of families they were destroying.
The minor soldiers were to blame for everything as much as the higher officials. Many enjoyed what they were doing and recruited others to join them. They didn’t care for the Jews and numerous were convinced that Hitler was right and would go to any extent to prove themselves. Even though they didn’t have much power they still did things which gives them as much blame as the higher officials.
Joseph Nagiub
ReplyDelete1)The color that i was assigned in class was yellow. This is the German citizens who voted for Hitler and the Nazi party.When Germany was in a time of need, the citizens decided to vote for Hitler and follow his beliefs.They all listened and trusted in Hitler to help Germany rise to be stronger.
2)Some sources that best describe the German citizens were:
-a) Tarko,Vlad."Why Did People Vote for Hitler?."Softpedia.Sci-Tech News. 23 Apr 2009 http://news.softpedia.com/news/Why-Did-People-Vote-for-Hitler-22735.shtml
-b) Hornberger, Jacob. "Why Germans Supported Hitler, Part 1." Freedom Daily.23 Apr 2009. http://www.fff.org/freedom/fd0703a.asp
-c) Smith, Frank. "Hitler takes Power." Macrohistory.23 Apr 2009 .http : //www .fsmitha.com/h2/ch16.htm
-d)"Adolf Hitler." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2009.Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 23 Apr. 2009.http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/267992/Adolf-Hitler
3)Source A is an article explaining why people voted for Hitler.This article broke down Germany's situation and explained how the country was after the first World War.It also explains the religious conflict rising during this time.The two main religions were Christianity and Judiasim. The Germany faith Movement allowed the Nazi power to rise by going against the jews.Since society allowed the conflict and separation begin, the Nazi's grew stronger and more powerful.
Source B is an article discussing the decisions the Germans made when supporting for Hitler.During the time of economic crisis in Germany, there were two sides. Those two side were the Germans who supporting for the government and those who went against the government even though they are in a crisis.Also Germans voted for Hitler because they feared that they could soon be taken over by Communism.The fear of Communism made the Germans make a bad choice for voting for Hitler.After taking office, Hitler started attacks and becoming stronger by using propaganda and force.
Source C is an article that describes how Hitler started to gain power through political involvement.He tells the Germans what they want to hear and tries to make their life sound good if they vote for him.After the Parliament fell apart, Hitler and the National Socialist party won the votes with 24.5 percent.As winning control of the emergency power, this allowed Hitler to control the military.Soon Hitler would take control of land little by little and gaining more power.Germany recovered from the depression and that gave German citizens faith in the government.
Source D is an article about the life of Hitler and the way he rose to power.Hitler was a great propaganda to society.He told people what they wanted to hear and took actions to make the country stronger. After showing the people that he was right, people started to believe in him and follow his order.Hitler's political power gave him control in Germany and it's military.
4)From source a i learned that there was a conflict in Germany with religious beliefs.Problems with Christians and jews caused the rise of the Nazi.The Nazi party were evil people who were against jews.Then came Hitler who wanted to kill the jews and this was the Holocaust.
From source b i learned that there were two sides dealing with the government.One side was for the government and the other was against the government.This is similar to the religious problem because both situations have two different sides going against one another.
From source c I learned Hitler started to gain power after a corruption in the Parliament.This allowed society to view different parties to see who will have control.I didn't know that there were different parties in Germany.I also learned that many groups of government wanted to help Germany rise and gain power.
From source d I learned that Hitler gained a lot of power through his speeches.He allows the German citizens to really think how they want their lives to be like.Since the Germans needed help,they were in the need of someone to help them to recover.This is where Hitler tells the Germans to trust him and they will have a stronger Germany and live a better life.
5)I think the German Citizens who voted for Hitler and the Nazi Party are a little to blame because they believed he would really recover their crisis which he did but then he wanted to gain power and get revenge on countries.The Germans believed that Hitler would revise Germany but instead he becomes an evil dictator.The Germans wanted to end this depression and Hitler was giving them great speeches.That is what persuaded the Germans to vote for Hitler and not know the later on actions he took.
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ReplyDelete1.) The color I was assigned was black which represents Yaweh or God, the God that the jews worship.
ReplyDelete2.) Resources
A.)Robinson, Geoff. "Why Did God Allow the Holocaust?" April 23, 2009. http://www.geoffrobinson.net/why.html
B.)Holocaust: Where was God? BBC. 23 Apr. 2009.http://www.bbc.co.uk.bradford/lifestyle/faith/2003/holocaust_suffering.shtml.
C.) Starr, Jelaila . "Integrating the Holocaust Emotional Block." The Nibiruan Vouncil. Jul. 1999. 23 Apr. 2009.
D.)"Why The Holocaust? Pt. 4." Truthonthenet. 23 Apr. 2009.
3.) My first source is about how Yaweh shouldn't be blamed for what happened during the Holocaust because it's all Hitler's fault and God let's things happen because he has free-will and things just happen. My second source is about two Holocaust survivors. One man John Chilag lost his small faith in God, another man Arek Hersch had lost his faith but once was liberated gained it back. My third source is about how the Holocaust was God's way of giving the jews spiritual growth. My fourth source is about how Yaweh is punishing the jews for commiting sins, like how God did to the earth in other past Bible Stories.
4.) I learned that Yaweh, or God can't control everything and things happen for a reason which we cannot explain. I learned from my first source is that God isn't to be blamed for everything and it's the people who do bad things. From the second source I learned that faith can be lost and hard to earn back after being put through hell.From the third source I learned that God sometimes tests us and judges what we'll do. From the fourth source I learned that Yaweh punishes an individual or a group of people in way.
5.) I believe Yaweh shouldn't get blamed because things happen for a reason, and we can't control what happens. Humanity decided to come down heavy on the Jews Yaweh didn't do anything Hitler and his Nazis are to blame because they believed Jews was Germany's downfall so they did what they did starting the Holocaust.
The color I was assigned during English class was orange. Orange , stood for the Jews themselves not able to flee or fight against the Nazis. This doesn't necessarily mean that they they all didn't rebel ,however there was not enough people rebelling , making them partially to blame for the holocaust.
ReplyDeleteSome sources that proved my color and ideas were
1 -http://iearn.org/hgp/aeti/aeti-1998-no-frames/resistance.htm Copyright © 1999-2005 by iEARN's HGP. All rights reserved.
2 -http://www1.yadvashem.org/about_yad/magazine/magazine_new/jewish_resistance.html by Professor Israel Gutman The Central Theme for Holocaust Remembrance Day 2003
3 -http://artfuljesus.0catch.com/judaica/shoah.html RESISTANCE DURING THE SHOAH
The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
4-http://www.aish.com/holocaust/overview/The_Jewish_Underground.asp Rabbi Eliahu Ellis & Rabbi Shmuel Silinsky Site contents copyright © 1995 - 2009 Aish HaTorah
The first shows how resistance groups were set up. However these revolts were pointless. The Nazis had the most power, compared the powerless resistance. They were also heavily out numbered. Even when they were in the camps, some prisoners attempted to revolt. The electric wire however made it almost impossible to escape. I learned that the Jews did attempt to revolt but not many and not successfully.
The second source was about the Warsaw revolt. This revolt was inspiring because they were able to fend off the Nazis for some time. Unable it like most if not all of the revolts were unsuccessful. The rebels left behind journals and documents recounted all the events. This account made me come up with a conclusion that they were not responsible for the holocaust.
The 3rd source went into greater detail about the Warsaw ghetto uprising. They fighters used guerrilla tactics to suppress the Germans. I learned that if there were more uprising and more unity in the between ghettos they might have had a chance.
The 4th and final article provided with a culprit to the holocaust. Besides the Nazis , the allied forces did not provide enough money supplies , weapons or any help They underground was expected to take on a giant nation without supplies. This caused even less revolts since now the people were afraid to revolt , this gives partial blame to the Jews that did not revolt.
My character should not take any blame for the holocaust. My character was the victim not the source of the problem. The Nazis deserve the most blame plus the nations that were aware but ignored it. Also the root of all evil Hitler and his regime. The Jews were helpless they could not have been responsible.
Response to Jason:
ReplyDeleteYour information was too general and vague. You need more information.
To Monte,
ReplyDeleteFour your first source I think that you shouldn't haven't talked about the Germans. The color red was suppose to be the people who lived near the concentration camps which is known as the outsiders. I think you got the wrong interpretation of outsiders.
Dear Amy,
ReplyDeleteI was wondering if there is any information about why Hitler had so much hatred towards the jews? did anything happen in his childhood that might have caused this?
Dear Ashley!
ReplyDeleteThis website may help you:http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Why_did_Hitler_and_the_Nazis_hate_the_Jews
People don't know exactly why Hitler hate the Jews. There was a autobiography, "Mein Kampf" written by Hitler. But people say it should not be believed in because the book is a propaganda. And it might be jealousy that people blamed the Jews, but of why Hitler have such a hatred with the Jews is really a mystery. We can guess all we want, of what he hated the Jews. But I believe only Hitler and himself knows why.
Dear Amy:
ReplyDeleteIsn't wikipedia non-confidential??